Additionally, men and women, as patients and doctors, tend to have different communication styles. Parents have to stick to a list of accepted names approved by the government when filling out a birth certificate. Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. their care during pregnancy, labour and birth, and postnatal care. In cases where you wish to change clinics (perhaps due to a move during pregnancy) or intend to deliver at a hospital that is not where you have your regular checkups, you will need a referral letter (, shkaij) from your current hospital or clinic. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of the most common traditional practices in Asia relating to pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. In effect, the context in which an individual is, tends to exert some control over the persons behavioural tendencies. That also means most women won't even consider an epidural, even if their doctor recommends it. The demerits are that waiting times for checkups can sometimes be longer, you may not see the same doctor each time you go, and the food and general level of service might not be as good as at the private hospitals and clinics. Another reason cited was the belief that babies get thirsty with time and therefore, there was the need to provide them with water. Since the 1930s, new moms in Finland have received the ultimate care package from the state, filled with baby necessities like clothes, diapers, bedding, bibs and a first aid kit, all in a cardboard box that can do double duty as a crib. To help ease them into motherhood, moms observe la cuarentena (quarantine)a 40-day period when they recuperate from labor by abstaining from sex, physical activity and spicy foods. Incidentally, natural births are encouraged in Japan and places offering epidurals are limited, with those that do often only making them available during normal work hoursnot much help if you go into labour at midnight. There is therefore the need for healthcare providers to highlight these socio-cultural practices during health education and also design interventions targeted at reaching those who may be confined at home. Community Health Officers who are currently responsible for implementing CHPS strategies can regularly visit TBA facilities to provide immunisation and other essential newborn care services. Things to stay away from. They normally use some herbs which they add to about seven palm fruits, smoked mudfish and about three fingers of plantain to prepare a particular type of soup called Abedru and they start taking it when the pregnancy is about five to six months and they take it till they deliver. Though many women today have come to believe that there are choices surrounding pregnancy and birth, the beliefs and practices of providers, insurers, and hospital administrators play a major role in either influencing those choices or dictating how they will be manifested. .Having sex with your partner makes delivery safe and smooth and will also prevent your husband from going out to have extra marital affairs (Elderly woman, FGD). 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Just ask any foreign woman who has given birth in Japan. You expose the baby to the sun and it will disappear. Narrative study design allows research participants to share their knowledge on a particular study topic (Bowling, Citation2014). Ripe plantain for instance, is believed to cause false labour whilst egg is forbidden because of the belief that the baby will become a thief in future. headaches, constipation relief, etc. On a harsh winter night, November 2, 1995, Itsumi Koga, a Japanese woman living in the Detroit area, arose to her newborn baby son's cries. This referral letter, along with test results, will then be submitted to the new hospital. However, certain beliefs tend to make these moments also prone to certain rituals and . The minimum regardless of income is 5,000, and the maximums are as follows: The income limits depend on the number of dependents and are shown on the Cabinet Offices child benefit page, but as at the end of 2018 the income limit for the householder with a spouse and two children, for example, was 9.6 million. While pregnancy and childbirth is a universal experience, having a baby in another culture can be full of surprises. Effective, culturally competent communication between doctors and patients is essential in pregnancy care. Like Latin Americas cuarentena, mothers here are nurtured with a similar custom called la dieta. In rural areas, a father gives his wife a shirt thats damp with his sweat after a hard days work while shes in labor, which folklore says will give her strength. Sorry, Blue Ivy and Apple, but your names wouldnt fly in Germany. Many women giving birth in Australia believe it's important to follow the traditional pregnancy and birth practices of their culture. The findings of this study that the use of herbs during labour to facilitate the process was a common practice among women. Theyre small items like candy and souvenirs, and she includes a note from baby thanking friends and family for visiting. The study found that some mothers prefer to give birth at facilities of traditional birth attendants. New moms here miss out on a lot of the fun. This study employed both narrative and phenomenology study designs. To announce babys birth, parents place a stuffed stork in a window facing the street so it looks like the stork just flew in make the delivery. These maternity vouchers are essentially discount vouchers which can be used at the hospitals and clinics to reduce the cost of the regular check-ups during pregnancy. Find a Doctor Other practices that place mothers at risk of disability or death include applying fundal pressure to hasten the labour process, forced vomiting to initiate the placenta expulsion, use of herbal concoctions for treating maternal complications and childbirth in an isolated or unsanitary environment (Fofie & Baffoe, Citation2010; Maimbolwa et al., Citation2003). In the postpartum period, confinement was common because postpartum women were perceived to be weak, fragile and vulnerable to illness. To reduce this, policymakers and healthcare providers must encourage women with traditionally low rates of maternal health care utilization to access services. We must communicate in ways that make women feel cared for without judgment. Omiyamairis generally take place when boys and girls are 31 and 33 days old, respectively, although some geographic variations exist. government site. The Japan Times LTD. All rights reserved. During this period, the baby is not allowed to either be seen or touched by people who are outside the nuclear family. In this Hindu country, an important birthing tradition is burying the placenta, which is believed to be alive and almost like a twin sibling of the newborn. This practice was believed to contribute to making the head round as illustrated with the quotes: We prepare both hot and cold water for the bathing of the baby and then we use shea butter to massage their whole body and then we use cool water to massage their heads (Elderly woman, FGD). Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: Socio-cultural beliefs and practices during pregnancy, child birth, and postnatal period: A qualitative study in Southern Ghana, 1 World Health Organization Country Office for Ghana, Ghana;2 Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana, Cultural beliefs and practices of women influencing home births in rural Northern Ghana, Global, regional, and national levels and trends in maternal mortality between 1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: A systematic analysis by the un Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00838-7, Maternal death in rural Ghana: A case study in the Upper East region of Ghana, Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective, Beyond symptom recognition: Care-seeking for ill newborns in rural Ghana, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01981.x, Community-based interventions for improving perinatal and neonatal health outcomes in developing countries: A review of the evidence, Maternal care practices among the ultra poor households in rural Bangladesh: A qualitative exploratory study, Causes of neonatal deaths in a rural subdistrict of Bangladesh: Implications for intervention, Qualitative research designs: Selection and implementation, Time to initiation of breastfeeding and neonatal mortality and morbidity: A systematic review, https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-S3-S19, A review of cultural influence on maternal mortality in the developing world, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2012.04.002, A two-year review of uterine rupture in a regional hospital, Healthcare in Low-resource Settings: The individual perspective, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_2695, Huge poor-rich inequalities in maternity care: An international comparative study of maternity and child care in developing countries, Contextual social cognition and the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia, https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182518375, An intervention involving traditional birth attendants in Pakistan, Every newborn: Progress, priorities, and potential beyond survival, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60496-7, Cultural childbirth practices and beliefs in Zambia, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02709.x, Perception of care in Zambian women attending community antenatal clinics, The Ghana community-based health planning and services initiative for scaling up service delivery innovation, Orthodox versus unorthodox care: A qualitative study on where rural women seek healthcare during pregnancy and childbirth in Southwest, Nigeria, Food prohibitions and other traditional practices in pregnancy: A Qualitative study in Western Region of Ghana, The effect of community nurses and health volunteers on child mortality: The Navrongo community health and family planning project, https://doi.org/10.1080/14034940701349225, Nyo dua hli30 days confinement: Traditions and changed childbearing beliefs and practices among Hmong women in Australia, Maternal mortality in Ghana: The other side, Committing to child survival A promise renewed, Phenomenological research methods for counseling psychology, https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.52.2.167, Local understandings of vulnerability and protection during the neonatal period in Sylhet district, Bangladesh: A qualitative study, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66836-5. Mom and baby stay home for 20 days after the delivery, and friends stop by and also sip serbeti. Purposive sampling was used to select focus group discussion participants (13) among community members, pregnant women whose gestation was at least 6months, and women with babies less than 6 months of age. The authors wish to thank all study participants for their time. Findings: More than 130 women whose youngest child is under the age of 15 participated in an online survey for this article. Postpartum haemorrhage for instance, is one of the leading causes of maternal deaths in Ghana and most of these deaths have occurred due to delays in referral or seeking health care. Required documents will depend on your resident status, but typically you will need to submit the following documents. I do not like the family planning method we get from the hospital. However, in phenomenological research, the participants perceptions, feelings, and lived experiences are paramount and are the object of study (Wertz, Citation2005). While Japanese people represent a significant and growing cultural group within the United States, little is known about the culture-specific needs of Japanese women who experience pregnancy and childbirth in this country. Participants in this study revealed some socio-cultural practices that were observed for women after child birth. A codebook was first developed for the main themes and sub-themes from preliminary reading through the transcripts. These maternity vouchers are included as part of a maternity pack expecting mothers will receive from the local city office which also includes the Maternity and Children Health Handbook (, boshi-kenk-tech). We conducted a literature search of articles: a) focusing on Asia; b) relating to pregnancy, childbirth or postpartum, c) relating to traditional beliefs and/or cultural practices; and 4) published in English in the year 2000 or more recently. To enjoy our content, please include The Japan Times on your ad-blocker's list of approved sites. Some FGD participants were of the view that the modern contraceptive methods could render a woman barren and therefore preferred to use natural methods. After baby arrives, the new mom traditionally stays at her parents home for at least a month, and rests in bed for 21 days to recuperate and bond with baby, while family members pitch in with chores. Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing, 13(1), 15-26. This might mean more dedicated and personalized care, better food, a private room, or the benefit that the doctor with you for the regular check-ups should also be present at the birth. Pregnancy is not covered under general health insurance in Japan. If this is not treated, it can affect the womans health and that of the child (Postnatal woman, FGD). For me I have a small baby so I protect myself using the injectable so that I dont get pregnant (Woman with children under five, FGD). As at 2015, the risk of a woman in a developing country dying from a maternal-related cause during her lifetime was about 33 times higher compared to a woman living in a developed country (Alkema et al., Citation2016). These conditions become fatal during the first week of life and require prompt attention. The growing recognition of the critical importance of providing care to mothers and newborns and the substantial coverage gaps have prompted a paradigm shift in responding to maternal and newborn health issues. The herbs are administered to the woman when they are about 5 months into their pregnancy. If this does not resolve the issue or you are unable to add the domains to your allowlist, please see this FAQ. According to researchers, Asian women suffer the largest proportion of the worlds maternal deaths, and low rates of maternal health care utilization to access services persist. It looks like you're using an ad blocker. By virtue of the fact that communities have their own unique cultures and traditions, maternal and new-born traditional practices may differ from community to community. This practice was believed to make the baby healthy and also prevent the skin from becoming dried up as illustrated with the quote: We massage the baby with mustard oil or shea butter to make the baby healthy and prevent drying up of the skin (Postnatal woman, IDI). The taped interviews were transcribed verbatim into Microsoft word. To support families with the cost of raising a child, child benefit is provided to all families. I have natural way of protecting myself or I use some herbs we have the community. All participants signed an informed consent form before participation. In Tokyo, your best bet is hospitals and clinics in Minato Ward and Shibuya Ward. The predominant language is Twi. However, the unanimous position was that sex activity could start at least 40 days after delivery. In effect, notes taken during the interviews covered; interactions between the interviewer and interviewees, non-verbal communication, environment, and reflections from interview content. In the light of these, health education offered to women during ANC visits should highlight the necessity for the continuum of care that includes skilled attendance at birth and postnatal care. Also off limits: names that can negatively affect babys well-being (for example, Apple). You register your details online and then you have access to a special hotline which jumps you to the front of the queue and is open 24 hours per day. Despite investments in interventions to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, progress has been slow, especially in developing countries. To celebrate the new baby and get milk flowing, mothers drink a traditional beverage called lohusa serbeti (postpartum sherbet). In order to collect the residence card you would ordinarily need to show your childs passport, but this may not have been issued yet. Since then I have been giving him water and some mashed kenkey (Postnatal woman, FGD). Accordingly, the aim of this study was to compare attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control toward exercise, together with current levels of . In performing sampling activities, the maximum variation form of the purposive sampling was employed to ensure that a wide range of stakeholders was covered to provide a holistic view about the study topic (Andale, Citation2016). As a form of treatment for the wounds, herbs extracted from the bark of a tree nu bena was given to the women to enhance healing of the internal wound. Intensifying community-based home visit by health worker has the potential to identify such conditions and offer medical advice. What may surprise some is that the majority of hospitals, clinics, and maternity homes in Japan require expecting mothers to make a reservation for the birth in advance. Most Japanese women aim to deliver their baby sans painkillers, an ancient belief that stems from the Buddhist belief that labor pains must be endured as a test to prepare for the difficulties of motherhood. Further, it was revealed that socio-cultural practices such as not crossing rivers and confinement made some women not show up for ANC. FOIA Cultural competency starts with effective communication, listening, and respect. Additionally, doctors should provide and advocate for improved access to care. The Japan Taxi app is okay in the Tokyo area but its not something I would want to rely on in an emergency. Global Health and Human Rights for a Postpandemic World. Maternal and infant mortality rates are among the lowest in the world, making Japan one of the safest places to have a baby. Between 1st and 2nd birth a) If pregnancy wastage occurred abortion 27.5 30.9 stillbirth 33.0 b) If no pregnancy . Queries were also run in NVivo to quantify some of the qualitative data and the results exported and added to the qualitative data in the results. Its made with water, sugar, cloves, cinnamon and red food coloring, and is first served to the new mom in the hospital. Please add japantimes.co.jp and piano.io to your list of allowed sites. Hospitals and clinics sometimes have certain rules and conditions by which families must abide. Thematic data analysis process consists of three interrelated stages namely data reduction, data display and data conclusion-drawing or verification (Miles & Huberman, Citation1994). This is illustrated in the following quote: Some of us live in places where you will have to cross a river before you go the clinic for them to assess you and the baby but because we pregnant women are not supposed to cross the river, we do not go (Elderly woman, IDI). For my first born, it was so difficult when I delivered in the hospital (Postnatal woman, FGD). Chen M, Makama M, Skouteris H, Moran LJ, Harrison CL, Choi T, Lim S. Nutrients. or 817-882-2400, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. Of these, half gave birth within the past three years. Other prevalent beliefs and practices across Asian countries included massage, the state of pollution after childbirth, the use of traditional healers and traditional medicine and herbs, beliefs relating to hot/cold imbalance, behavioral taboos, magic, and superstition. The moms to be in Bali avoid eating octopus because they believe that eating some . At the ceremony the parents take turns feeding the baby, wishing he/she will have abundance of food throughout his/her life. 2022 Nov 3;13:961707. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.961707. Though home births have been trending in the US, Holland takes the cake for the highest number of home births in the Western world. 8600 Rockville Pike We get it from five months of pregnancy (Postnatal woman, FGD). Here are some pregnancy beliefs and customs from different parts of the world. After the birth, mom and baby are carefully shielded from sunlight, even inside the house, where a canopy is hung over the bed. They interpret this as good practice that is beneficial to them in some way or another. Epub 2013 Jul 8. These practices were often aimed at restoring the mother to pre-gestation state and also facilitate the growth of the baby. However, accepting harmless social practices during labour will improve trust and cater for communitys worldview about childbirth and foster skilled delivery.
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