Harvard Business Review, 82(10), 139146. What is your religion? If a speaker is being ______, we the audience then need to rely on our critical thinking skills to keep from being unknowingly manipulated. Respecting and protecting traditional knowledge, in particular that of indigenous peoples; recognizing the contribution of traditional knowledge, particularly with regard to environmental protection and the managementof natural resources, and fostering synergies between modern science and local knowledge. Workforce, 80(9), 19. This tendency has important work implications. Pornpitakpan, C. (2000). Examples of races are Caucasian, African, Latino and Asian. In contrast, cultures such as Iran and Russia are lower in uncertainty avoidance, and companies in these regions do not have rule-oriented cultures. b. What is your culture? Based on the standard diversity definition, the types of diversity in a social context are theoretically infinite: they encompass every characteristic that appears with variations among a group of people (such as hair or eye color). Cultural diversity supports the idea that every person can make a unique and positive contribution to the larger society because of, rather than in spite of, their differences. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. those living in two different regions of the world. Cultures vary across the globe but. Culture is our way of being, more specifically, it refers to the shared language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and material objects that are passed down from one generation to the next.1. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. Cultural diversity encompasses all of the following factors EXCEPT The speaker reduces the chances of alienating the members of the audience. If you have ever visited a country different from your own, you probably have stories to tell about what aspects of the culture were different and which were similar. to convince the audience of the importance of the person. Humans acquire culture through the learning processes of . Developing cultural policies, including operational support arrangements and/or appropriate regulatory frameworks, designed to promote the principles enshrined in this Declaration, in accordance with the international obligations incumbent upon each State. A) correct past discriminatory practices B) make sure that members of the executive suite are culturally diverse C) develop cultural sensitivity among a wide variety of workers D) ensure that c. It implies a commitment to human rights and fundamental freedoms, in particular the rights of persons belonging to minorities and those of indigenous peoples. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. With the increasing prevalence of international business as well as diversification of the domestic workforce in many countries, understanding how culture affects organizational behavior is becoming important. "Cultural Factors All rights reserved. Retrieved November 12, 2008, from http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_dimensions.php. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Create an account to start this course today. Encyclopedia.com. It has a land area of about 2,150,000 km2 (830,000 sq mi), making it the fifth-largest country in Asia, the second-largest in the Arab world, and the largest in Western Asia. What is culture? Species diversity is a measure of community complexity. Exchange your sentences with another student and fill in the blanks in each other's sentences. Retrieved January 29, 2009, from http://www.nvtc.gov/lotw/months/november/USschoollanguages.htm. 20. Instead of saying no, which would be interpreted as rebellion or at least be considered rude, they may use indirect ways of disagreeing, such as saying I have to think about this or this would be difficult. Such indirect communication prevents the other party from losing face but may cause misunderstandings in international communications with cultures that have a more direct style. Your success as a speaker depends on all of the following EXCEPT. Essentially, cultural diversity is about bringing people together from a diverse set of backgrounds and cultures, then creating an environment that not only recognizes the differences between those cultures and backgrounds, but celebrates them. Prospective Students Anthropology in Public Health. Due to increased globalization of businesses, understanding the role of culture for organizational behavior may provide you with a competitive advantage in your career. Cultural diversity is the quality of diverse or different cultures, as opposed to monoculture, the global monoculture, or a homogenization of cultures, akin to cultural evolution. Reflect on a time when you experienced a different culture or interacted with someone from a different culture. One of her favorite quotes is, Change is inevitable; growth is optional. She encourages everyone to choose the option to grow. UNESCO applies a zero tolerance policy against all forms of harassment, Advancing the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, International Coalition of Inclusive and Sustainable Cities ICCAR, Education for Sustainable Development Network, UNEVOC - International Centre for Technical and Vocational Education and Training, IIEP - International Institute for Educational Planning, ICTP - International Centre for Theoretical Physics, IICBA - International Institute for Capacity-Building in Africa, IITE - Institute for Information Technologies in Education, IESALC - International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean, MGIEP - Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Education for Peace and Sustainable Development, UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger, Rules of Procedure of the General Conference, Rules of Procedure of the Executive Board, Section of Conventions and Recommendations (LA/CR), Section of International Administrative Law (LA/AL), Protection of human rights : Procedure 104. First, she should conduct the ______. Trade in Thailand: A three-way cultural comparison. Gomez, C., Shapiro, D. L., & Kirkman, B. L. (2000). While familiarizing employees about culture, emphasizing the importance of interpersonal skills regardless of cultural background will be important. For anthropologists, culture goes beyond simply signs, symbols, or dress. Retrieved February 22, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/cultural-factors. Which of the following is NOT an effective attention-getting technique? You can also promote diversity in your job ads and provide targeted internships. Example 1. For many companies, international business is where most of the profits lie, such as for Intel Corporation, where 70% of all revenues come from outside the United States. Culture takes diverse forms across time and space. Recognizing and encouraging the contribution that the private sector can make to enhancing cultural diversity and facilitating, to that end, the establishment of forums for dialogue between the public sector and the private sector. Market forces alone cannot guarantee the preservation and promotion of cultural diversity, which is the key to sustainable human development. When interacting with others who may not be proficient in English, recognize that their limitations in English proficiency in no way reflects their level of intellectual functioning. Article 6 Towards access for all to cultural diversity. This is done because it increases the awareness of personal values, stereotypes, assumptions, and biases. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. the language of your speech should not change based on your audience. Trait Approaches to Leadership, 12.3 What Do Leaders Do? For the British market, the advertisers localized the humor (Fowler, Steinberg, & Patrick, 2007). These cultures value autonomy and independence of the person, self-reliance, and creativity. Presently, international business is not necessarily conducted between pairs of countries. Those who, for religious reasons, abstain from tea, coffee, alcohol, and tobacco have smaller risks of getting cancer of the gastrointestinal or respiratory tract than others of similar social, economic, and residential background. Other culturally shaped illnesses include: "heart distress" in Iran; "semen loss" in South Asia; and "susto" in Latin America. Much can be learned about the linkages between culture and health by studying migrant populations, whose culture of origin is often very different from the culture into which they migrate. Workforce Management, 84(13), 132. Corporate culture and organizational effectiveness: Is Asia different from the rest of the world? Do countries have uniform national cultures? Part of this difference could be attributed to changes in risk factors such as diet, weight, and cholesterol levels. It requires social workers to personally examine and study their very own cultural backgrounds, individualities, and identities. In fact, when it comes to culture, we are like fish in the sea: We may not realize how culture is shaping our behavior until we leave our own and go someplace else. 10. Americas: +1 857 990 9675 For example, you may sometimes hear the term gender balance used by companies trying to achieve a 50-50 balance between employees who identify as male and employees who identify as female. The influence of national culture and organizational culture alignment on job stress and performance: Evidence from Greece. Languages in American school and universities. It can also be widely shared beliefs about things like marriage, family, or gender roles. In collectivistic societies, family bonds are more influential in peoples daily lives. Which of the following is NOT included in the topic selection stage of speechmaking? When do audience members generally begin to form their impressions of both the speaker and the speech? With the globalizing economy, boundaries with respect to careers are also blurring. These factors influence one's awareness of the world, and whether one will seek improvement or accept things as they are. Triandis, H. C., McCusker, C., & Hui, H. C. (1990). When passing people who are more powerful, individuals are expected to bow, and the more powerful the person, the deeper the bow would be (Pornpitakpan, 2000). Anthropologists have described the complex cultural meanings of ritual purity associated with female genital mutilation that serve to perpetuate this practice despite its serious adverse effects on health. Article 5 Cultural rights as an enabling environment for cultural diversity. Tell students that Kenneth Prewitt, former director of the U.S. Census Bureau, has said of the United States that "we're on our way to becoming the first country in history that is literally made up of every part of the world." Ask: What do you think he meant? The term "cultural diversity" can also refer to having different cultures respect each other's differences. during the first few moments of the presentation. In many countries, it is possible to talk about the existence of cultures based on region or geography. Reaffirmingthat culture should be regarded as the set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features of society or a social group, and that it encompasses, in addition to art and literature, lifestyles, ways of living together, value systems, traditions and beliefs. In these cultures, men are more likely to be assertive and competitive compared to women. Article 11 Building partnerships between the public sector, the private sector and civil society. Culture and organizations. That sounds simple, but diversity encompasses race, gender, ethnic group, age, per-sonality, cognitive style, tenure, organizational function, edu-cation, background, and . The pervasive influence of the media, especially television, in almost all contemporary societies projects cultural values and behavior that emanate from the American entertainment industry. Cultural diversity is important because our country, workplaces, and schools increasingly consist of various cultural, racial, and ethnic groups. For example, one multinational oil company in Mexico was suffering from low productivity. They may be nice and friendly to their in-group members while acting much more competitively and aggressively toward out-group members. 16. The short answer is, everything! People in all cultures share these broad categories of behaviors, beliefs, and meaning, even though they have different ways of behaving, expressing meaning, and living out their beliefs. Be proactive in listening, accepting, and welcoming people and ideas that are different from your own. (2005, January 24). Diversity is a set of conscious practices that involve understanding and appreciating interdependence of humanity, cultures, and the natural environment; practicing mutual respect for qualities and experiences that are different from our own; understanding that diversity includes not only ways of being but also ways of knowing; recognizing that personal, cultural, and institutionalized . A speaker which is not self-centered, but motivated by an understanding of receivers is, To penetrate the invisible shield they use to protect themselves from information irrelevance, relate your ideas to all of the following EXCEPT, Choosing the right topic means choosing a topic that is appropriate for all of the following EXCEPT. Kirkman, B. L., Gibson, B. C., & Shapiro, D. L. (2001). High power distance cultures are hierarchical cultures where everyone has their place. Josh and Arielle, along with other members of their group, feel like outsiders to the dominant culture. Encouraging linguistic diversity while respecting the mother tongue at all levels of education, wherever possible, and fostering the learning of several languages from the earliest age. Instead, they should have the ability to work with people from many diverse backgrounds all at the same time. She has worked at organizations and institutions in positions which focused on behavior modification and therapeutic support, social welfare, college admissions, and education research. (February 22, 2023). Germany is an example of a high uncertainty avoidance culture where people prefer structure in their lives and rely on rules and procedures to manage situations. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. Managers in these cultures may be more used to an authoritarian style with lower levels of participative leadership demonstrated. Paul, B. D., ed. A piece of advice that was true 5 years ago may no longer hold true. The Baxters are building a swimming pool in their backyard. We wouldhave\underline{\underline{\text{ would have}}}wouldhave seen\underline{\text{seen}}seen the movie if we had\underline{\underline{\text{had}}}had arrived\underline{\text{arrived}}arrived at the theater on time. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Culture generally refers to the shared values and beliefs in a society. Which of the following statements is true of your speech's purpose? Which of the following is NOT one of the four "key plays" to delivering your first speech? Diversity encompasses the qualities and characteristics that distinguish individuals from one another. Diversity is the one true thing we have in common. Family members are more involved in each others lives. While ensuring the free flow of ideas by word and image care should be exercised so that all cultures can express themselves and make themselves known. Culture and leadership in Iran: The land of individual achievers, strong family ties and powerful elite. (c) pursue its activities in standard-setting, awareness raising and capacity-building in the areas related to the present Declaration within its fields of competence; This diversity is embodied in the uniqueness and plurality of the identities of the groups and societies making up humankind. Which of the following would NOT be a possible topic for a ceremonial speech? Having different cultures in the workplace is more common in multinational companies. Organizational Dynamics, 33, 98109. Some companies also adjust their hiring process to make sure it's inclusive. In this lesson, we'll talk about how culture is encompassing, meaning that it shapes our personalities, values, and way of living. The five-factor model of personalty encompasses all of the following personality factors EXCEPT O.C.E.A.N B. Socialibility The disposition to be curious, unconventional, and imaginative is most closely related to which of the five personality factors theorized by the Big 5 theory of personality? For example, GlobeSmart by Aperian Global is an online tool that helps employees learn how to deal with people from around the world. Diversity encompasses the range of similarities and differences each individual brings to the workplace, including but not limited to national origin, language, race, color, disability, ethnicity, gender, age, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, socioeconomic status, veteran status, and family structures. What does it mean to be culturally diverse? In addition to teaching, she works as a methodologist and content expert on doctoral study committees, and is an education research consultant for LeadingEd Consultant Network. More than a century of ethnographic research profoundly supports the theory of cultural relativity, the theory that, Culture areas are geographical territories in which characteristic culture patterns are recognizable through repeated associations of specific traits, Herskovits, Melville Jean whose cultural backgrounds differ from your own. For this reason, heritage in all its forms must be preserved, enhanced and handed on to future generations as a record of human experience and aspirations, so as to foster creativity in all its diversity and to inspire genuine dialogue among cultures. Sweden and the Netherlands are examples of feminine cultures. Workable helps companies of all sizes hire at scale. Culturally determined characteristics include: the language spoken at home; religious observances; customs (including marriage customs that often accompany religious and other beliefs); acceptable gender roles and occupations; dietary practices; intellectual, artistic, and leisure-time pursuits; and other aspects of behavior. Safeguarding the linguistic heritage of humanity and giving support to expression, creation and dissemination in the greatest possible number of languages. not think too much about your topic as it will come to you. 140 lessons Cultures are not staticthey evolve over the years. D. Openness to experience Cultural humility is a lifelong process of self-reflection (Tervalon & Murray-Garcia, 1998). When Marc actively attempts to de-marginalize himself and the group he belongs to, he is using which strategy? C)they motivate high levels of individual and collective task performance. In many collectivistic societies, the language reflects the level of interaction among extended family members such that there may be different words used to refer to maternal versus paternal grandparents, aunts, or uncles. For example, peers are much less likely to be involved in hiring decisions in high power distance cultures. Culture includes a lot of different things. Dr. Belfields current research interests include: self-efficacy; the mentor-mentee relationship in higher education; and the impact of multiple social identities (race, gender, social class) on personal, social, academic, and career functioning. Cultures high in uncertainty avoidance prefer predictable situations and have low tolerance for ambiguity. whose cultural backgrounds differ from your own PrivacyPolicy Ryan, A. M., Farland, L. M., Baron, H., & Page R. (1999). For example, Apple Inc.s famous PC versus Mac advertising campaign was reshot in Japan and the United Kingdom using local actors. Tell me about yourself, they are more likely to talk about their likes and dislikes, personal goals, or accomplishments. In the United States, and in other nations with large immigrant populations, there is a wide range of cultural diversity, religious beliefs, customs, and values, reflecting the scattered origins of the people. Encouraging the production, safeguarding and dissemination of diversified contents in the media and global information networks and, to that end, promoting the role of public radio and television services in the development of audiovisual productions of good quality, in particular by fostering the establishment of cooperative mechanisms to facilitate their distribution. a) The ability to be open to learning about and accepting of different cultural groups b) A belief that racial differences produce inherent superiority of a particular race c) A generalization of characteristics that is applied to all members of a cultural group d) Biological concept that defines groups of human beings based on a set of Many women today wear high heels and tight shoes that deform their feet, with painful consequences in old age. When political totalitarianism and religious zealotry flourish, women usually suffer oppression disproportionately compared to men, and this can adversely affect their health and longevity. The goal of ______ is to generate as many ideas as possible without fear of critique. Women often lack the social power to negotiate condom use, and their need for economic and social survival outweighs the risk that they know they are taking by having unprotected intercourse. Avoid imposing values on others that may conflict or be inconsistent with cultures other than your own. Culture is the lens with which we evaluate everything around us; we evaluate what is proper or improper, normal or abnormal, through our culture. Andrea is A. This situation led them to change their pay system by standardizing pay at job levels and then giving raises after more frequent appraisals (Fruenheim, 2005; Hui & Triandis, 1986; Javidan & Dastmalchian, 2003; Gomez, Shapiro, & Kirkman, 2000). Some girls and women strive to achieve a very low body weight, a modern, culturally shaped notion of beauty that has supplanted the former "ideal"the plump female form depicted in the paintings of Rubens and Renoir. Which of the following is NOT true regarding audience diversity? (a)promote the incorporation of the principles set out in the present Declaration into the development strategies drawn up within the various intergovernmental bodies; International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12, 738753. Japans uncertainty avoidance is associated with valuing job security, while in uncertainty-avoidant Latin American cultures, many job candidates prefer the stability of bigger and well-known companies with established career paths.
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