All you need to make it is a light rum, Coca-Cola, and a little bit of lime for garnish. However, most transactions between Cuba and the U.S. are still prohibited, which is why Cuban drugs face additional regulatory hurdles for testing and marketing compared to other drugs developed overseas. But over the years, scientists have developed a variety of different treatments that can transform cancer into a chronic, survivable condition. Breakdancing has become increasingly popular and troupes like the B-Boy dancers, a subset of the Havana Queens dance company, learn moves from YouTube videos. Though Jobs went on to become more well-known, he and Wozniak worked together to build the Apple I, the home computer that launched a revolution. Note: The first person of Latin American origin in space was Cuba's Arnaldo Tamayo Mndez in 1980, as part of a team from the Soviet Union. Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Currently a faculty member at the Institute for Advanced Studies, he has been awarded the Fundamental Physics Prize (2012) and appeared on the Einsteins Dream episode of PBSs Big Ideas. The movable type he used made mass printing possible and brought books and reading to the masses. "Mario J. Molina -- Biographical." This designation is granted to promising drugs that are not yet licensed in the U.S. From illegally installing rooftop radio antennas to record American music to hotwiring antique cars, Cubans are ingenious at figuring out workarounds to barriers that would otherwise keep them decades behind their neighbors. Learn more: Thomas Edison National Historical Park. Jan. 1, 2013. He became an astronaut in 1981, served as in-orbit capsule communicator (CAPCOM) during the first Spacelab flight, and flew seven space shuttle missions. Internet cards connect customers at a wifi hotspot in Havana. Since 2007, the most important method of distributing the Internet has been the El Paquete Semanalor, The Weekly Package. Cuba is very poor, and yet the country has some of the healthiest, most long-lived residents in the world -- as well as a medical invention or two that could run circles around U.S. therapies, thanks to government investment in scientific research and a preventive public health approach that views medical care as a birthright. When Major Lazer played a show in Havana in 2016, half a million people showed up. Maldacenas research on the duality of conjecture was so groundbreaking, the participants of a 1998 string theory conference wrote a song to honor him called The Maldacena (sung and danced to the tune of The Macarena. It was the 1990s, after all). Known for: Fulton got his start as an artist, but it was his interest in steam engines that turned him into one of the most famous inventors. Mexican-American botanist Ynes Mexia discovered two new plant genera and 500 new plant speciesand she didnt even start collecting plants until she was 51 years old [PDF]. The electronic DJ duo Pauza, comprising of Zahira Sanchez and Paula Fernandez, play at a restaurant across the street from the U.S. Embassy in Havana. Nimotuzumab has had orphan drug status in the U.S. for the treatment of glioma since 2004 and for pancreatic cancer since 2015. The island nation, hemmed in by a 54-year trade embargo with the U.S., cant exchange goods with one of the worlds largest economies and the largest medical market. (July 4, 2014) http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/60347/Baruj-Benacerraf, Encyclopedia Britannica. Father of singers Joan Baez and Mimi Faria, Mexican-American physicist Albert Baez was the co-inventor of the X-ray reflection microscope. She was the first Hispanic president of the American Public Health Association as well as a founding member of the Committee to End Sterilization Abuse, an organization that fought against the practice of forced sterilization. Known for: This Founding Father was an innovator in more ways than one, and he was among historys most famous inventors. Invented by researchers at the Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM) in Havana, CimaVax targets a growth factor in cancer cells in a way that can arrest the spread of the disease. Speaking of the immune system, when using antibodies to combat viruses or bacteria, the human immune system favors an everything-but-the-kitchen-sink approach. Famous People From Cuba According to an article in the Harvard International Review, the country invests 1.17 percent of its GDP in technological researchmore than the U.S. and on the same level with Israel. Try this: Check out this video to learn more about the Smart Grid and how its used. (July 4, 2014) http://www.usasciencefestival.org/schoolprograms/2014-role-models-in-science-engineering/1162-bernardo-alberto.html#sthash.RgOj4IzR.dpuf, University of Virginia Health Sciences Library. Many of his other inventions were focused on helping the deaf, sparked by his desire to help his wife Mabel, who lost her hearing at the age of five. A new television covers the wall of an old home in Havana. The rikimbili, prohibited, but widely used in Cuba, is made of a bicycle with a motor attached. Since then, people huddled around smartphones has become a ubiquitous sight. But a lack of basic supplies introduces new twists for the islands innovators: a few summers ago recording artists found the island had run low on CDs. "Alfonso Caso y Andrade: 1896 1970." Learn more: Madam C. J. Walker Official Website. You can thank Marie Van Brittan Brown. "Yellow Fever." 15 Famous Cuban-Americans Gloria Estefan Born in Havana, Estefan is arguably Cuba's most famous singer. In 1947, he established the Institute for Biochemical Research, Buenos Aires, where he began the lactose, or milk sugar, research that would lead to his great breakthrough [sources: Leloir; May]. In the late 19th century, it was improved upon by Sarah Boone, an African American woman who was born enslaved. March 26, 2002. Though grouping such a diverse collection of people under a single rubric -- particularly the politically expedient but dubious term Hispanic isn't ideal, it does make room to explore their wide-ranging array of backgrounds and accomplishments. Steve Wozniak (1950-present) and Steve Jobs (1955-2011) Known for: "Woz and Jobs" are two of the most famous inventors of the 20th century. Try this: For a cool science fair project, learn to make a model of a steam power generator. Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. During that time, Finlay didnt give up on his research. When the one-hour Internet cards sold at hotspots were prohibitively expensive (theyre more than $2double the average daily wage), savvy entrepreneurs started divvying them up and selling shorter, slower allotments. According to Finlays son, the speech was greeted with initial silence, followed by universal ridicule. It took another two decades before Finlays hypothesis became widely accepted. Their flight marked the first engine-powered manned aircraft. Recruited by Booker T. Washington for the Tuskegee Institute, George did extensive work and study on agriculture. A new field of biochemistry opened up virtually overnight, and Leloir received the 1970 Nobel Prize in chemistry [sources: Myrbck; Parodi]. (July 7, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1970/leloir-bio.html. Read more about Cuban inventions in our Science Wednesday piece, How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. "Luis Alvarez: 1911-1988." It is transmitted by sand fly bites [source: BBC; Encyclopaedia Britannica; Chinea]. Known for: Dr. Tsukamoto is on the cutting edge of one of the most exciting new technologiesstem cells. (July 7, 2014) http://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/26/world/cesar-milstein-74-who-won-joint-nobel-prize-in-medicine.html, Chinea, Eyanir. During World War II, he invented several radar applications, worked on the Manhattan Project and rode in a chase plane during the Enola Gay's Hiroshima bombing. Top 100 Famous Female Inventors in History & Modern Women Inventors With fans that include Eric Clapton, Derek Trucks, Steve Gadd, Taj Mahal and Quincy Jones, Martinez is the world's first-call rumbero, and a consummate master of Afro-Cuban folkloric music and. Try this: Assemble a homemade pulley system to mimic Jeffersons dumbwaiter. Hispanic Heritage Month celebrates the contributions of people from five Latin American countries, including El Salvador, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Honduras. famous cuban inventors - cunninghamcerisywedding.com "Luis W. Alvarez, Nobel Physicist Who Explored Atom, Dies at 77." May 2005. He shared the prize with Carl Cori and Gerty Cori (ne Radnitz), pioneers in understanding the catalytic conversion of glycogen [sources: Magill; Nobel Prize; USASEF]. Not according to biology or history. Perhaps the most well-known Cuban innovation is the vaccine CimaVax. In 2015, Cuba opened up dozens of wifi zones across Havana. In 1991, he launched the World Wide Web, and the internet as we know it was born. In 2012, she was named JSC director -- the first Hispanic person and second woman to do so [sources: NASA; NASA]. Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. Surgery is the primary way to treat most head and neck tumors, but these procedures can severely affect people's ability to chew, swallow or talk. Many of the greatest Hispanic scientists are people you may not have learned about in school. Known for: Bloodmobiles are a common sight these days, thanks to Dr. Drew. Learn more: Marie Van Brittan Brown, Black Past. Head and neck cancers make up approximately 3 percent of all cancers in the U.S., affecting about 52,000 Americans every year. What if we could clean them out? Learn more: Grace Murray HopperA Legacy of Innovation and Service. Known for: Every time you plug your phone in to charge or attach a component to your laptop, you can thank Ajay Bhatt for inventing USB technology. A car is rewired for a digital display in Havana. Ada Lovelace (1815-1852) Ada Lovelace decided to add her own notes while she was translating the notes of Charles Babbage, a mathematics professor. Certain mouse spleen cells offered hope, but the specific antibodies they produced died too quickly to be useful. (July 7, 2014) http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs100/en/, Yandell, Kate. But, beyond localized ecological concerns over DDT and the vaguer terror of nuclear winter, by the early 1970s we hadn't much considered the potentially global consequences of industry and chemistry. New music is taking over for salsa in Havana's hippest clubs. (July 3, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1988/, Nobel Prize. Together with the linear accelerators that he helped pioneer, these revolutionized the discovery of elemental particles, which he and his team discovered by the truckload [sources: Encyclopaedia Britannica; Nobel Prize; PBS; Sullivan; Wohl]. "Baruj Benacerraf -- Biographical." The first, a child of Spanish immigrants, spent his life in his homeland and dedicated himself to the treatment of leprosy there; the second, born of Spanish Moroccan and French Moroccan parents, spent his formative years in Paris and most of his life in America, and studied the genetic causes of autoimmune diseases. He invented a way to process and store blood plasma, eventually managing two of the largest blood banks during World War II. Cuba Has Made At Least 3 Major Medical Innovations That We Need - HuffPost Finlay noticed that yellow fever epidemics roughly coincided with Havana's mosquito season, but his mosquito-transmission hypothesis was met with disdain for decades until he convinced American military surgeon Walter Reed (like the hospital) to look into it. He created the N95 respirator mask, which helps keep people safe against airborne viruses. The Routledge Dictionary of Anthropologists. Benacerraf was born in Caracas, Venezuela, but lived in Paris as a youth and spent most of his life and career in America. Learn more: The Farmboy Who Invented Television (Smithsonian Magazine). He also served as rector of UNAM and director of the National Museum and of the National Institute of Anthropology and History [sources: Anthropology News; Encyclopaedia Britannica; Gaillard; Smithsonian]. The roughly 5,000-year-old human remains were found in graves from the Yamnaya culture, and the discovery may partially explain their rapid expansion throughout Europe. Alcohol and tobacco use, as well as human papillomavirus, are major risk factors of the diseases. (July 4, 2014) http://anthropology.si.edu/olmec/english/archaeologists/caso.htm, Sullivan, Walter. Electronics are still hard to buy in Cuba, and often come from relatives who live in the United States. His swivel chair was an instant hit, and he also created the dumbwaiter system. Photo by Ernesto. She first served on a nine-day mission aboard the space shuttle Discovery, where she and a team of astronauts studied Earths ozone layer, then returned to space three more times, spending nearly 1000 hours in orbit. Thank you. Dr. David Armstrong, director of the Southern Arizona Limb Salvage Alliance and a professor of surgery at University of Arizona, says hes excited about the treatment, though he emphasized that Heberprot-P would still have to go through trials in the States to demonstrate its effectiveness. Hes known as the Father of the Video Game and helped develop some of the earliest gaming consoles. Invention/discovery . 1.. From groundbreaking biologists and physicists to innovators in the fields of medicine, botany, and environmental studies, here are 10 game-changing Hispanic scientists you should know about. Brilliant, bold, and brave, his inventions revolutionised the industry and changed the face of commercial cars forever . Today, 50 plant species are named for her. She filed her patent in 1966, and it includes innovations still used today. She was formerly digital managing editor for the PBS NewsHour. Working against a wide-ranging embargo from the neighboring United States, Cubans have been getting along without many basic goods for half a century. Photo by Desmond Boylan/Reuters RIGHT: Farmer Carlos Frachi invented a crop irrigation system using soda bottles. The White House is continuing to lift trade restrictions between the U.S. and Cuba. On weekends, plazas are crammed with bands and dancers showing off their salsa moves. "Carlos Juan Finlay (1833 - 1915)." They may not have to wait long: Raul has promised to cede power in 2018, and a likely successor is Vice President Miguel Diaz-Canel, a frequent Facebook user.
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